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For years, athletes have used a variety of training methods to harness the full potential of their capabilities, ranging from variations in load and intensity to effective use of diet and supplementation to complex periodization strategies. Much of the focus has been on the body and how to train it effectively. More recently, especially beginning in the 1970’s and 1980’s, athletes began to discover the value of mental training, and coaches, psychologists, and peak performance trainers emerged on the scene touting the value of visualization skills, mind control, ritual development, and much more. Very little science existed at the time to validate or support what worked and how.