Some Intriguing Immune System Facts

Immune system facts are fascinating details of disease-fighting abilities. It has the ability to recognize and destroy pathogens as well as tumor cells. It can detect a wide range of threats, including parasites and viruses. It has the ability to distinguish potential threats from normal body functions.

The scientific study of these processes is known as immunology. One of the earliest, well-known scientists in this field is Louis Pasteur. He was a French chemist and microbiologist who performed research in the 1800s. His research revolutionized the field of microbiology. He found the causes of diseases are microorganisms. He also discovered exposure to minute quantities of pathogens can provide protection against subsequent exposures to the same pathogens. This led to his development of vaccines.

Pasteur also made important discoveries involving puerperal fever, known as child-bed fever. Fatality rates from this condition were extremely high during his life-time. It often affected women within days after having children, miscarriages, and abortions. The deadly infection was caused by contaminated environments. This famous scientists is also well-respected for preventing the spread of diseases through milk and wine. He developed a series of heating the liquids to kill contaminants before consumption, known as pasteurization.

There are an array of natural barriers which help protect organisms from pathogens. These include chemical, biological, and mechanical barriers. Among them are the coatings on leaves, exoskeletons on insects, shells on eggs, and skin on animals. These are first-line defenders. Internal elements, such as the intestines and lungs, are protected by mechanisms which eject irritants from the body. Coughing and sneezing help expel pathogens from the lungs and respiratory tract. Urine, mucous, and tears can entrap and expel invasive elements from one’s body.

Chemical fortifications include antibacterials as well as antimicrobials. They include stomach secretions of gastric acid to battle pathogens that were ingested. Saliva, tears, and breast milk contain pathogen-battling enzymes. The respiratory circuit and skin secrete antimicrobial peptides which also effectively battle pathogens.

One of the body’s first-line defensive responses is inflammation. The swelling, heat, redness, and pain produced in the tissues around infections can provide effective defenses. The body increases the flow of blood to the region, which increases the number of white blood cells (called leukocytes). A side-effect of this defensive response is fever.

Leukocytes are the body’s second line of defense. They are single-celled organisms which can effectively identify and destroy pathogens. They can accomplish this by attacking large pathogens through contact, or engulfing and destroying microorganisms.

A properly nourished body has the best natural immunity. Malnutrition can cause immunodeficiencies, which increases susceptibility to pathogens. Over-nutrition also has a negative impact on health. It can lead to conditions such as diabetes and obesity.

Foods known to help enhance a body’s ability to battle pathogens include fresh fruits and vegetables. In addition, foods rich in omega 3 fatty acids, such as fish, have many nutritional benefits. Some herbs are also known to stimulate the defense system. They include echinacea, sage, elderberry, honey, licorice, ginseng, and garlic.

Discovering amazing immune system facts can help promote good health. For more than 100 years, microbiologists have been making fascinating discoveries about this impressive biological response system.

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